Philosophy of Art

HON 308 002 CRN 25287

PHI 432 001 CRN 25067

MWF 11:15-12:05

Spring 2005

 

Instructor: Dr. Laura Newhart

Office: 257 Case Annex

Phone: 622-2574

Email: laura.newhart@eku.edu

Hours: MWF 12:20-1:10 and TH 12:30-1:45 and by appointment

 

Required Text:

            Higgins, Kathleen. Aesthetics in Perspective. Belmont, CA:

                        Wadsworth Publishing, 1996.

 

Course Description:

            In this course we will consider a number of questions which are of fundamental importance to aestheticians and philosophers of art such as “What is art?” “Are there objective standards for determining artistic value or is beauty in the eye of the beholder?” “What is the nature of creativity?” “What is/should be the relationship between art and morality?” “What role does/should art play in society?” Throughout the course of the semester we will examine these questions from the specific perspectives of a number of major theories of art including mimetic theory, expression theory, formalism, and the institutional theory of art. We will conclude the course by considering what the answers to these questions might look like in the future.

            We will have the opportunity to apply what we learn through our exploration of these theoretical issues in a semester-long project where as a class we will choose a non-profit arts organization to which to donate $200. This project will involve locating appropriate candidates for the funding and deciding by consensus which one will make the best use of the donation in light of our theoretical findings.

 

 

Course Objectives:

            --to impart to the student a working knowledge of the major theories of art in Western philosophy

            --to allow the student to hone his or her critical thinking skills by applying these theories to the questions of the                    relationship of art to morality and the role of art in society

            --to enable the student to make use of these theoretical tools in his or her

                          encounters with specific artworks

            --to reveal to the student in a hands-on, practical, setting the ramifications of these theories on the function and status of                            art in society

 

 

Course Format:

            Class time will be divided between lecture, discussion, supplemental audio-visual materials, and collaborative projects.

 

Course Requirements and Grading:

            Your grade for the course will be determined by:

                        (1)   8 Experiencing Art Reports                             40%

                        (2)   2 Short Papers  (5-7 pages each)                    30%

                        (3)  Group Presentation                                          10%

                        (4)  Funding the Arts Project                                   20%

 

(1) Experiencing Art Reports: Every other Friday will be devoted to applying the theoretical concepts of the past two weeks to specific works of art. You will identify a particular artwork and explain how it is an example of (or a challenge to) the theories we have studied in that time period. Or, as an alternative you can report on a current news item that is relevant to the weeks’ theoretical content. Your artworks can come from any source, i.e., your own, a friend’s, a museum, a gallery, popular culture, etc. Your report should be 1-2 pages double-spaced typed and should include a copy of the artwork. You will be expected to present at least one of these reports to the class. If you do not, 5 points will be deducted off of your total points for this assignment. Due dates for the Experiencing Art Reports can be found on the syllabus, and a sign up sheet will be passed around to schedule the in-class presentations. Each Experiencing Art Report is worth 5 points for a total of 40% of your final grade.

 

(2) 2 Short Papers: In each of the short papers you will answer a question distributed in class in a 5-7 page (1250 words) double spaced, typed essay. The questions are designed to challenge you to analyze, critique, and develop the relevant theories covered in class. The questions will be distributed a week before the papers are due. The first short paper will cover the material from the Beginnings section and the four theories of art. It is due Friday March 25, 2005 in class. The second short paper will cover the material from the Art and Ethics, Art and our Institutions, and Challenges to the Tradition sections. It is due during the exam period which is  Monday May 2, 2005 from 10:30 to 12:30. Each short paper is worth 15 points for a total of 30% of your final grade.

 

(3) Group Presentation: Toward the end of the semester we will consider a number of challenges to the theoretical perspective of traditional Western philosophy of art. These challenges take a variety of forms and come from a number of sources which can be found in Parts III and IV of Higgins’ text and include racism and sexism in the arts, popular culture, and non-Western views of art. The class will divide into  six groups of three to four people, and each group will be responsible for choosing an article in this section and presenting it to the class. Each presentation should include a summary of the article, a discussion of interesting points in the article, and examples of artworks which illustrate the points. Prior to the presentations, each group will be asked to submit a proposal for their presentation including the title of the article you’d like to present, how the article presents a challenge to traditional views, and the reasons your group has for wanting to present it. The group presentation is worth 10% of your final grade.

 

 

(4) Funding the Arts Project: Thanks to the generosity of the Honors Program, we have been given $200 to contribute to a non-profit art organization in our area. In order to do this we must complete a number of tasks including identifying regional non-profit art organizations; interviewing, visiting, and inviting in-class presentations by these non-profit organizations, issuing and evaluating Requests for Proposals, and engaging in a deliberative group decision-making process to select successful applicants and award the $200. We will be breaking into small work groups to accomplish these tasks, and each of you will be expected to be actively involved in this project. You will also hand in two sets of Reflective Journal Essay Questions concerning your involvement in this project. One will be due before undertaking the project. The other will be due after the project is completed. Your participation in the Funding the Arts Project is worth 20% of your final grade.

 

Important Notes:

1. If you are registered with the Office of Services for Individuals with Disabilities, please make an appointment with the course instructor to discuss any academic accommodations you need. If you need academic accommodations and are not registered with the Office of Services for Individuals with Disabilities, please contact the Office directly either in person or on the first floor of Turley House or by telephone at (859)622-1500 V/TTY. Upon individual request, this syllabus can be made available in alternative forms.

 

2. Cheating and/or plagiarism will not be tolerated and will be dealt with in accordance with the EKU Student Handbook.

 

3. The instructor reserves the right to modify this syllabus if it will better meet the goals of and objectives of the course.

 

Syllabus

 

Beginnings

 

M         1/10            Introduction to course

W        1/12            “What is Art?” pp. 63-67; “The Role of Theory in Aesthetics” pp. 75-81

F          1/14            Hume, “Of the Standard of Taste” pp. 31-43

 

M         1/17            No Class!! Martin Luther King, Jr. Day!!

W        1/19            Kant, “The Four Moments” pp. 44-53

F          1/21            Bullough, “Psychical Distance” pp. 164-167; Dickie, “The Myth of the Aesthetic Attitude” pp. 172-179

 

M         1/24            Plato, “Inspiration as Magnetism” pp. 278-281; Aristotle, “Constructing a Tragedy” pp. 282-283;
                               Kant, “The Nature of Genius” pp. 284-286

W        1/26            Rilke, pp. 293-294; Truitt, pp. 295-301; Middleton, pp. 302-310

F          1/28            Experiencing Art Report #1 Due

 

Art, Truth, and Reality (Mimetic Theory)

 

M         1/31          Plato, “Art and Appearance” pp. 114-121

W        2/2            Wilde, “The Decay of Lying” pp. 122-124

F          2/4            Lyons, “Paleolithic Aesthetics” pp. 125-131

 

M         2/7            Saito, “The Japanese Appreciation of Nature” pp. 140-147

W        2/9            Cage, “Experimental Music” pp. 148-151

F          2/11          Experiencing Art Report #2 Due

 

Should We Focus On Form (Formalism)

 

M         2/14            “Should We Focus on Form?” pp. 318-320; Parker, “Aesthetic Form”  pp.321-325

W        2/16            Fry, “The Limits of Formal Analysis” pp. 326-328

F          2/18            Hanslick, “On the Musically Beautiful” pp. 329-330;

                                Levin, “Balanchine’s Formalism” pp. 331-336

 

M         2/21            No Class!! Presidents’ Day!

W        2/23            Eco, “Repetition and the Series” pp. 347-349; Miller, “Advertising-End of Story” pp. 350-357

F          2/25            Experiencing Art Report #3 Due

 

Art as Expressing or Arousing Emotion (Expression Theory)

 

M         2/28            “Art as Expressing or Arousing Emotion” pp. 359-361; Tolstoy, “What is Art?” pp. 362-364

W        3/2                Bell, “Emotion in Response to Significant Form” pp. 365-367;
                                 Langer, “The Symbol of Feeling” pp. 369-370

F          3/4               Collingwood, “Expressing Emotion” pp. 371-376;
                                 Hospers, “The Concept of Artistic Expression” pp. 377-385

 

M        3/7            through          F            3/11 Spring Break!!! No Class!!!

 

M         3/14            Novitz, “Fiction, Imagination, and Emotion” pp. 386-390;

                                Davies, “Why Listen to Sad Music...?” pp. 391-396

W        3/16             Kundera, “The Nature of Kitsch” pp. 397-398;

                                Calinescu, “Kitsch and Hedonism” pp. 399-403

F          3/18            Experiencing Art Report #4 Due

                               Distribution of First Short Paper Questions


The Institutional Theory of Art

 

M         3/21            Danto, “The Artworld” pp. 68-74;

                                Dickie, “Art as a Social Institution” pp. 82-87

W        3/23            Binkley, “Piece: Contra Aesthetics” pp. 88-97

F          3/25            Experiencing Art Report #5 Due

                                First Short Paper Due

 

Art and Ethics

 

M         3/28            “Art and Ethics” pp. 181-183; Nehamas, “Plato and the Mass Media”Bloom, “Music” pp. 190-194

W        3/30            Harries, “The Ethical Significance of Modern Art” pp. 195-204

                               Fuentes, “Words Apart” pp. 205-207

F          4/1             Gass, “Goodness Knows Nothing of Beauty” pp. 208-212

 

M         4/4            Mundy, “The New Critics” pp.213-221;

                              Kuspit, “Art and the Moral Imperative” pp. 222-225

W        4/6             Gourevitch, “Behold Now Behemoth” pp. 226-232

F          4/8            Experiencing Art Report #6 Due

 

Art and Our Institutions (Art and Society)

 

M         4/11            “Art and Our Institutions” pp. 235-236; Mattick, “Arts and the State” pp. 237-241;
                               Vance, “Misunderstanding Obscenity” 242-245

W        4/13            Wolfe, “The Worship of Art” pp. 246-250

F          4/15            Young, “Destroying Works of Art” pp. 251-258

 

M         4/18            Stalker and Glymour, “The Malignant Object” pp. 259-264

W        4/20             Danto, “The Vietnam Veterans Memorial” pp. 265-269

F          4/22            Experiencing Art Report #7 Due

                               Distribution of Second Short Paper Questions

 

Challenges to the Tradition and Beyond the West

 

M         4/25            Group Presentations

W        4/27             Group Presentations

F          4/29            Group Presentations

                               Experiencing Art Report #8 Due

 

M        5/2              Exam Period! Second Short Paper Due